中国在阿富汗和平和解进程中发挥积极建设性作用
China Plays an Active and Constructive Role in Afghan Peace and Reconciliation Process
驻阿富汗大使王愚
Chinese Ambassador Wang Yu
2021年1月30日
30 January 2021
2020年对中国和阿富汗都是艰难的一年、变化的一年和进步的一年。新冠疫情大流行和世界百年未有之大变局交织背景下，全球经济深陷二战以来最大程度衰退，多边主义和国际秩序面临前所未有挑战，给中国经济等各领域发展带来不小阻力，也给阿富汗和平和解进程增加许多不确定因素。可喜的是，在爱好和平的阿民众、地区国家和国际社会努力下，阿人内部谈判正式开启，为结束阿富汗延宕多年的冲突战乱打开机会之窗。在这一过程中，中国一直在发挥积极建设性作用。
The year 2020 was a tough one for both China and Afghanistan. It was also a year of change and progress for both. In the COVID-19 pandemic and amid major changes unseen in a century, the global economy is mired in its deepest recession since World War II and multilateralism and the international order are confronted with unprecedented challenges, which has created considerable obstacles to China’s development in the economic and other fields and added many uncertainties to the peace and reconciliation process in Afghanistan. Fortunately, thanks to the support of the peace-loving Afghan people, regional countries and the international community, intra-Afghan negotiations have officially begun, opening a window of opportunity to end the long-running conflict in Afghanistan. In this process, China has been playing an active and constructive role.
我担任中国驻阿富汗大使已逾一年。这一年中，我坚持在阿富汗工作，见了很多人，参与了历次阿问题国际会议，亲眼见证阿和平进程步入正轨、取得进展，更加深切感受到中国作为阿山水相连的友好邻邦，在阿富汗和平和解进程中扮演的重要支持者、斡旋者和便利提供者角色。
I have been Chinese Ambassador to Afghanistan for over a year. In the past year, I have worked here in Afghanistan and met many people. I have participated in all previous international conferences on Afghanistan and witnessed with my own eyes the peace process getting on track and making progress. I have in this course gained a deeper appreciation of the role of China, Afghanistan’s friendly neighbor connected by mountains and rivers, as an important supporter, mediator and facilitator in the Afghan peace and reconciliation process.
中国坚定支持“阿人主导、阿人所有”的阿和平和解进程。阿富汗人必须掌控自己的命运，任何外部力量都不应强加于人，更不能利用阿谋私利。中阿都饱受殖民主义、帝国主义和霸凌主义之苦，中方对阿人渴望和平发展感同身受。一直以来，中方坚定支持阿问题各方通过政治途径实现和平，积极在双多边舞台参与和推动阿和平和解进程，推动国际社会凝聚共识。中国国务委员兼外长王毅就阿人内部谈判提出以下建议：
China firmly supports the Afghan-led, Afghan-owned peace and reconciliation process. The Afghans must take control of their own destiny. No external force is to impose itself on Afghanistan or use Afghanistan for its own selfish gains. Both China and Afghanistan have suffered enormously from colonialism, imperialism and bullying. China shares the Afghan People’s desire for peaceful development. All along, the Chinese side has firmly supported all stakeholders to the Afghan question to achieve peace by political means. It has actively participated in and promoted the Afghan peace and reconciliation process in bilateral and multilateral arenas and pushed the international community to foster common understandings. Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi has made the following proposals for intra-Afghan negotiations:
一是坚持政治解决的根本方向。阿富汗问题的唯一出路是对话谈判。阿和谈各方都是手足兄弟，应该顺应时代潮流和人民呼声，消融宿怨分歧，实现真正和解。希望阿各政治派别对和谈坚定信心，保持耐心，发自真心，抱有决心。
First, stick to the fundamental direction of a political settlement. Dialogue and negotiation are the only way out for the Afghanistan question. All parties to the peace talks are brothers. They should follow the trend of the times and the voice of the people, dissolve old grievances and differences and achieve genuine reconciliation. It is hoped that the political parties in Afghanistan will have firm confidence, patience, sincerity and determination in the peace talks.
二是坚持阿人主导的基本原则。阿富汗的命运由阿富汗人民自己掌握，“阿人主导、阿人所有”的理念应得到切实维护。任何国家都不应在阿富汗搞地缘争夺，任何人都不应借阿富汗问题谋取私利。
Second, adhere to the basic Afghan-led principle. The destiny of Afghanistan is in the hands of the Afghan people themselves. The Afghan-led, Afghan-owned concept should be earnestly upheld. No country should engage in a geopolitical contest in Afghanistan and no one should seek selfish gains from the Afghan question.
三是坚持广泛包容的框架目标。谈判各方应通过共同努力，构建起一个阿富汗各党团、各民族、各教派都能平等参与、共享权力的政权架构，使之具备广泛代表性和包容性，同时坚定不移打击恐怖主义，奉行和平友好的对外政策。
Third, pursue unswervingly an extensive and inclusive framework goal. The parties to the negotiations should work together to build a widely representative and inclusive political power structure with equal participation and power-sharing among all Afghan parties, groups, ethnicities and religious sects, which combats terrorism with unwavering determination and pursues a foreign policy of peace and friendship.
四是坚持标本兼治的解决路径。除了战乱这一最大挑战外，阿富汗还面临贫困、难民、毒品等棘手难题，需要谈判各方凝聚智慧，共同应对。希望各派立足国计民生大局，齐心协力，实现阿富汗和平与发展的良性循环。
Fourth, seek solutions that address both the symptoms and root causes of the Afghan question. In addition to the war and related chaos as the biggest challenge, Afghanistan also faces difficult problems such as poverty, refugees and drugs. All parties in the negotiations need to pool their wisdom and work together. We hope that all parties concerned will take stock of the overall interests of the country and the people’s livelihood and collaborate with one another to create a virtuous circle of peace and development in Afghanistan.
五是坚持重义尽责的国际努力。国际社会和地区国家应秉持公正道义，助推谈判实现和平，而非远离和平。外国军事力量应以负责任方式有序撤出，防止恐怖主义势力借机生乱，确保阿富汗局势平稳过渡。
Fifth, sustain international efforts to uphold justice and fulfill responsibilities. The international community and countries in the region should uphold justice and support the negotiations to achieve peace instead of moving away from peace. Foreign military forces should be withdrawn in an orderly and responsible manner and care should be given to preventing terrorist groups from seizing the opportunity to create chaos and ensuring a smooth transition in Afghanistan.
中方坚持在阿问题各方之间斡旋调解。王国委强调，作为阿富汗的近邻和真诚朋友，中方比任何国家都希望阿实现和平稳定。中国真心希望阿富汗和谈双方聚同化异，铸剑为犁，继续坚持政治解决的根本方向和广泛包容的框架目标。历史上，中阿从未爆发过战争或冲突，双方长久以来互相尊重、互帮互助，中方与阿问题各方建立了深厚友谊，在各方之间牵线搭桥，劝和促谈，发挥积极作用，广受赞誉。中方还推动建立中阿巴三方外长对话、中美俄涉阿问题磋商、中俄伊巴四方阿问题特别代表会议、“上海合作组织—阿富汗联络组”等机制，为推进阿和平和解搭建平台，创造条件，贡献中国智慧与中国方案。
China has been mediating between all parties to the Afghan question. As State Councilor Wang put it, as a close neighbor and sincere friend, China hopes more than any other country for Afghanistan to achieve peace and stability. China sincerely hopes that the two sides of the Afghan peace talks will focus on their common interests, resolve their differences and turn their swords into ploughshares in continued pursuit of a political settlement and an extensive and inclusive framework goal. China and Afghanistan have never fought any war or engaged in any conflict with each other since ancient times. The two sides have long treated each other with mutual respect and help. China has developed profound friendship with all stakeholders to the Afghan question, facilitated talks and promoted peace between them. Its positive role has won wide acclaim. China has contributed its wisdom and propositions and facilitated such mechanisms as the China-Afghanistan-Pakistan foreign ministers’ dialogue, the China-Russia-US consultation, the China-Russia-Iran-Pakistan special representatives meeting and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization-Afghanistan Liaison Group, all designed to serve as a platform and create conditions for peace and reconciliation in Afghanistan.
中方积极做阿和平和解进程的便利提供者。中方紧跟阿和平和解最新形势，积极建设性开展工作，促阿国内各派以国家和人民利益为重，在谈判桌上谈出结果、谈出和平。中方将继续为第二轮阿人内部谈判提供力所能及的帮助，愿在尊重阿富汗各方意愿的基础上，为阿各方对话交流提供平台，为推进阿和平和解进程提供助力。中方呼吁国际社会充分考虑阿国情现状，继续为阿富汗国家安全部队能力建设提供培训、资金和技术支持，帮助阿方有效应对恐怖主义、跨国犯罪和毒品走私等威胁，支持阿落实好《国家和平与发展框架》（2021-2025），共同解决贫困、难民、恐怖主义等顽疾。
China actively facilitates the Afghan peace and reconciliation process. We follow closely the latest developments in the process and worked actively and constructively for it. We call on all parties in Afghanistan to put the interests of their country and people first, engage in negotiation and find therein a result and peace. China will continue to provide assistance within its capacity for the second round of intra-Afghan negotiations. We are ready to provide a platform for dialogue and exchanges among all Afghan parties and assist in the peace and reconciliation process on the basis of respect for their own wills. China calls on the international community to take full account of the current situation in Afghanistan, continue providing training, financial and technical support for capacity-building by the Afghan national security forces, help the Afghan side to deal effectively with such threats as terrorism, transnational crime and drug smuggling, support Afghanistan in implementing the National Peace and Development Framework (2021-2025) and jointly tackle poverty, refugees and terrorism.
阿富汗政府和阿富汗塔利班代表在多哈达成一项初步协议，以继续推进和谈，这是19年来双方首次达成协议。这也为双方开启第二轮谈判奠定良好基础。中方对阿富汗人内部谈判取得进展表示欢迎和赞赏。尽早实现和平稳定是阿富汗人民的夙愿，阿富汗经历战火这么多年，阿人民值得拥有一个更加和平稳定和美好的未来。我们衷心希望阿和谈双方以国家利益和民族大义为重，顺应民意，相向而行，早日谈出和平。中方愿继续同国际社会一道，为此发挥建设性作用。
Representatives of the Afghan government and the Afghan Taliban reached a preliminary agreement in Doha, which was the first time in 19 years. It is also a good basis for the second round. China welcomes and appreciates the progress made in the intra-Afghan negotiations. It is the long-cherished wish of the Afghan people to achieve peace and stability as soon as possible. After so many years of war, the Afghan people deserve a more peaceful, stable and better future. We sincerely hope that the two sides of the peace talks will put national interests above everything else, comply with the will of the people, move towards each other and negotiate and achieve peace at an early date. China is ready to continue playing a constructive role in this regard together with the rest of the international community.
中阿是好朋友、好兄弟、好邻居，中方推动阿和平和解进程始终秉持“国不以利为利，以义为利”的大国义利观，对阿平等相待、互利互惠，真心希望阿实现和平、阿人民迎接美好生活和光明未来。5年前，习近平主席在第70届联大一般性辩论上就构建人类命运共同体提出“五位一体”的总体路径。5年来，中阿命运共同体随着两国共建“一带一路”、地区互联互通发展以及共同抗击新冠疫情等得到进一步升华，两国人民增强互信，民间交往更加深入，成果更加丰硕。不久前，中国国家主席习近平出席金砖国家领导人第十二次会晤时，推动该会议宣言写入“呼吁在阿实现长期和平，重申对阿人民建设一个稳定、包容、和平、独立、繁荣的主权国家的坚定支持。欢迎阿启动内部谈判，将继续支持‘阿人主导、阿人所有’的和平进程”表述，再次宣示中国对阿和平和解进程的坚定支持，坚定不移为阿人内部谈判有序推进作出应有贡献。当前阿富汗和平和解进程步入关键期，中国真心希望阿问题各方把握和平机遇，化干戈为玉帛，早日就国内政治安排达成一致，帮助阿人民摆脱战争阴霾，帮助阿富汗迎来久违的和平，迎接美好未来。
China and Afghanistan are good friends, brothers and neighbors. We have been facilitating the peace and reconciliation process in Afghanistan with a deep belief that a major country must protect justice as its critical interests. China treats Afghanistan as its equal, pursues mutual benefit in our exchanges and sincerely hopes that peace will prevail in Afghanistan and that its people will embrace a better life and a bright future. Five years ago, during the General Debate at the 70th Session of the UN General Assembly, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed a five-in-one approach to building a community of shared future for mankind. Over the past five years, the China-Afghanistan community has further developed as our two countries engage in cooperation under the BRI framework, expand regional connectivity and join the common fight against COVID-19, with increased mutual trust, deeper people-to-people exchanges and more fruitful results. Not long ago, on the 12th BRICS summit, China joined to write into the declaration: ‘[the leaders] call for long-term peace in Afghanistan, reiterate China’s firm support to the Afghan people in building a stable, inclusive, peaceful, independent and prosperous sovereign state, welcome the launch of intra-Afghan negotiations, and will continue supporting the Afghan-led, Afghan-owned peace process’. The move reaffirmed China’s firm support for the Afghan Peace and reconciliation process and its firm commitment to make due contribution to the orderly advancement of intra-Afghan negotiations. As the peace and reconciliation process in Afghanistan comes to a crucial phase, China sincerely hopes that all parties on the Afghan question will seize the opportunity of peace, turn hostility into amity, and reach an agreement on domestic political arrangements at an early. These will help the Afghan people to get rid of the haze of war, usher in long-lost peace and embrace a bright future.