张军大使在安理会阿富汗问题公开会上的发言
Remarks by Ambassador Zhang Jun at the UN Security Council Briefing on Afghanistan
2022年8月29日
29 August 2022
各位同事，
Colleagues,
我感谢俄罗斯倡议举行此次会议，感谢格里菲斯副秘书长、波策尔副特别代表、爱德华兹女士的通报。
I thank the Russian Federation for its initiative to hold this meeting. And I thank Under-Secretary-General Martin Griffiths, Deputy Special Representative Markus Potzel and Dr. Lucy Morgan Edwards for the briefings.
去年这个时候，喀布尔正在经历最魔幻的时刻。外国部队在机场内仓促撤离，爆炸声在机场外此起彼伏，平民从强行起飞的军机上坠落，士兵向无辜平民开枪扫射，各种乱象触目惊心。一场20年的战争最终以仓皇、混乱、不光彩的方式收场。回顾这20年，我们不禁要问，这场战争到底带来了什么？
Exactly a year ago, Kabul was going through the most surreal moment. Foreign troops hurriedly evacuated from the airport. Explosions echoed outside the airport. Civilians fell from military planes that were forcibly taking off. And soldiers shot innocent civilians. The world was shocked to see all these kinds of chaos. A two-decade long war ended in panic, chaos and ignominy. Looking back at these 20 years, we cannot help but ask, what did this war bring us?
这场战争以反恐为名，结果并没有消除阿富汗境内的恐怖势力，反而使恐怖组织活动日益猖獗，“伊斯兰国”等恐怖势力不断滋生坐大。
This war, waged in the name of counter-terrorism, did not eliminate terrorist forces in Afghanistan. Instead, terrorist activities became more and more rampant, and terrorist forces such as Daesh continue to grow.
这场战争造成超过20万人丧生，包括5万名阿富汗平民，6万多军警，数千名外国士兵。战争还造成千百万人失去家园，流离失所。每一个失去的生命，背后都是一个痛苦的家庭，再有20年时间恐怕都难以弥平他们的伤痛。
This war claimed more than 200,000 lives, including 50,000 Afghan civilians, more than 60,000 military police and thousands of foreign soldiers. It has left millions of people homeless and displaced. Behind every lost life is a family in anguish. Another 20 years might not be sufficient to heal their wounds.
这场战争打着“民主改造”旗号，并没有带来和平、稳定和繁荣，最终只是留下了一个千疮百孔、支离破碎的国家。外国军队虽然撤出了，战争的影响仍在持续，阿富汗人民仍在承受着方方面面的后果。
This war, waged under the banner of democratic transformation, did not bring peace, stability or prosperity, but rather left behind a fragmented and shattered country. Although foreign troops have withdrawn, the impact of war is still ongoing, and Afghan people are still suffering from various consequences.
过去20年的失败再次证明，军事干涉、强权政治不是正道，外来模式、民主改造不得人心，发生在阿富汗的悲剧不容重演。中方一直强调，外国军队撤出不是责任的结束，而是反思和纠错的开始。有关国家本应认真反思，及时纠错，而不是耸耸肩膀一走了之。但令人遗憾的是，相关国家不但没有承担应尽责任，反而采取切断发展援助、冻结阿富汗资产、政治封锁孤立的做法。这不只是在逃避责任，抛弃阿富汗人民，更是在延续错误，加剧阿富汗人民的苦难。更令人费解的是，我们看不到任何反思的谦卑、纠错的诚意，反而是在恶意指责、攻击别人。
The fiasco of the past 20 years has once again proved that military intervention and power politics are not the right way, foreign models and democratic transformation cannot win the hearts and minds of the people, and the tragedy in Afghanistan should never be allowed to repeat. China has always stressed that the withdrawal of foreign troops is not the end of responsibility, but rather the beginning of reflection and correction. The countries concerned should have seriously reflected on their mistakes and corrected them in a timely manner, instead of walking away with a shrug of shoulders. Regrettably, rather than fulfilling their due responsibilities, relevant countries have cut off development aid, frozen Afghan assets, and imposed political isolation and blockade. This is not only just evading responsibility and abandoning the Afghan people, but also perpetuating the mistakes and exacerbating the sufferings of the Afghan people. What is more perplexing is that we do not see any reflection in humility or mistake correction with sincerity. On the contrary, what we hear is malicious accusations against and attacks on others.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
随着外国部队的撤出，阿富汗人民迎来了真正掌握自身命运的机会。过去一年，阿富汗临时政府积极施政，安全形势显著改善。临时政府推进政治对话，近期召开了新一届大支尔格会议。当前，阿富汗国家百废待兴，和平重建面临多重挑战，还有很长的路要走。我们期待阿富汗临时政府奉行稳健包容的内外政策，积极保障和改善民生，坚决打击一切恐怖主义，同包括邻国在内的各国和睦相处。国际社会要支持阿富汗推进和平重建，帮助恢复公共服务和市场流通，融入地区和国际经贸合作。
With the withdrawal of foreign troops, the Afghan people have an opportunity to truly take control of their own destiny. The past year has seen the Afghan interim government in action and significant improvement of the security situation. The interim government has promoted political dialogue and recently held a new Loya Jirga. At present, so many things await to be done in the country. And its peaceful reconstruction faces multiple challenges. The country still has a long way to go. We expect the Afghan interim government to pursue sound and inclusive domestic and foreign policies, actively safeguard and improve people’s livelihood, resolutely combat terrorism, and live in harmony with all countries, including its neighbors. The international community should support Afghanistan in advancing its peaceful reconciliation, restoring public services and market activities, and engaging in regional and international economic and trade cooperation.
国际社会要以理性务实态度同阿富汗临时政府加强接触。2019年以来，为推动阿富汗和平稳定对话，安理会根据美国的提议，决定对若干阿塔人员给予旅行禁令豁免。这从一开始就不是对任何人的奖赏，也不是用于其他目的的谈判筹码。遗憾的是，个别安理会成员现在反对延长豁免，理由是塔利班没有在妇女和女童权利问题上履行承诺。毫无疑问，阿富汗妇女和女童的权利应该得到保障，我们期待阿富汗执政当局朝着这个方向作出努力。同时，这种强行挂钩是不合理的。终止豁免只会关上对话的大门，只会加深对立和分歧，不可能产生应有的效果。我们呼吁有关国家采取建设性立场，支持继续延长现有豁免安排。
The international community should enhance its engagement with the Afghan interim government in a rational and pragmatic manner. Since 2019, to facilitate dialogue on peace and stability in the country, the Security Council has, based on US proposal, decided to grant exemption to the travel ban for some Taliban personnel. From the very beginning, this was not a reward to anyone or a bargaining chip in negotiations on other issues. Regrettably, however, certain Council members now oppose the extension of the exemption, citing Taliban’s failure to live up to its commitment on women and girls rights. There is no doubt that the rights of Afghan women and girls should be guaranteed, and we expect efforts by the Afghan authority in this regard. At the same time, linking the two issues is unreasonable. Ending exemption will only close the door to dialogue, exacerbate antagonism and division, and it will never achieve the desired effect. We call on the countries concerned to take a constructive stance by supporting the extension of the existing exemption.
当前阿富汗的人道主义局势十分严峻，包括妇女和女童在内，千百万人的生存和发展处境令人担忧。许多妇女和女童衣食无着，有的家庭甚至靠卖器官、卖孩子维持生计。如果她们连饭都吃不上，活下去都成问题，拿什么让女童上学，更不要说参与政治。一边声称关心阿富汗妇女和女童的权利，一边却大幅削减对阿富汗的人道和发展援助，还顽固维持对阿富汗的单边制裁，在道德上是虚伪的，在现实中是致命的。
As we learned from the briefings, at present, the humanitarian situation in the country is grave, and the survival and development of tens of millions of people, including women and girls, worrying. Many women and girls have no food or clothing, and some families even rely on selling organs and children to survive. Without food, survival is out of the question. Then how do you expect girls going to school or even a woman taking part in political life in such circumstances? It is ethically hypothetical and practically lethal to claim to care about the rights of Afghan women and girls, while slashing humanitarian and development aid to the country and stubbornly maintaining unilateral sanction against the country.
阿富汗当前面临人道和经济困境，关键在于外国制裁造成的流动性不足和经济停滞。阿富汗的海外资产属于阿富汗人民，冻结这些资产无异于剥夺阿富汗人民的救命钱。我们注意到，70多位知名学者本月初发表一封公开信，呼吁美国立即全额归还冻结资产，指出将被冻结的70亿美元一分为二是武断的、不正当的。我们再次敦促美国将这些资产毫无拖延地、无条件地、全部归还给阿富汗。
The current humanitarian and economic predicament faced by the country is resulted from the lack of liquidity and economic stagnation caused by foreign sanctions. Afghanistan’s overseas assets belong to the Afghan people, and freezing these assets is tantamount to depriving them of their life-saving money. We have noticed that more than 70 renowned scholars published an open letter earlier this month, calling on the United States to immediately return the frozen assets in full, pointing out that splitting the frozen 7 billion US dollars is arbitrary and unjustified. Once again, we urge the United States to return these assets to Afghanistan in full without delay and conditions.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
中国是阿富汗最大邻国，始终坚定支持阿富汗和平稳定发展，并一直为此作出巨大努力。去年入冬以来，中国政府向阿提供3亿元人民币紧急援助，通过“松子空中走廊”进口1400多吨阿富汗松子，助力阿富汗民众、包括许多家庭妇女创收增收。除了向联合国的阿富汗人道应对计划提供捐款外，中国正在并将继续落实好已宣布的10亿元人民币双边援助，并积极扩展同阿富汗经贸合作，推动阿富汗融入区域合作。中国对阿富汗的援助实实在在，说到做到，惠及普通民众，而且体现了平等和相互尊重。我们敦促国际社会特别是对战争负有责任的国家，采取切实行动，继续帮助阿富汗人民，不要抛弃他们，不要惩罚他们。阿富汗需要国际社会的帮助，世界也需要一个和平、稳定的阿富汗。
As the largest neighbor of Afghanistan, China has always firmly supported its peace, stability and development, and we have been making huge efforts in this regard. Since last winter. The Chinese Government has provided emergency assistance of 300 million RMB to the country, and imported more than 1,400 tons of Afghan pine nuts through the air corridor of pine nuts, helping the Afghan people, including many housewives, increase their revenue. Apart from contributing to the UN Humanitarian Response Plan for Afghanistan, China is following through on the announced bilateral aid of 1 billion RMB. And we will actively expand economic and trade cooperation with Afghanistan and promote the country’s integration into regional cooperation. China has always delivered on its promise of assistance that benefits Afghan people and reflect equality and mutual respect. We urge the international community, especially the countries responsible for the war, to take concrete actions to continue helping the Afghan people, not to abandon them or punish them. Afghanistan needs the help of the international community, and the world also needs a peaceful and stable Afghanistan.