Realistic Grammar

现实语法

A term sometimes used in linguistic theory to refer to any approach to grammatical analysis which aims to be psychologically real, in that it contributes to the explanation of such areas of linguistic behaviour as comprehension and memory. In its earliest exposition, the intention was to realize a transformational grammar within a psychological model of language use, so that the model genuinely represents users’ knowledge of their language. Such a grammar would also be ‘realizable’, i.e. define explicit realizations which would map grammatical rules and categories on to processing operations and informational units, as defined by the psychological model.

最近的语言学理论用此术语指任何一种追求心理现实性的语法分析法，即这样的语法分析有助于解释像理解和记忆这样一些语言行为。现实语法是为了区别于早先只凭直觉的形式语法描写，即旨在使一部转换语法“实现”为一个语言使用的心理模型的一部分，从而使这个模型真正代表使用者的语言知识。这类语法也是“可实现的”，即能界定明确的实现过程，将语法规则和范畴映现为由心理模型定义的运作变化和信息单位。