Psycholinguistics

心理语言学

A branch of linguistics which studies the correlation between linguistic behaviour and the psychological processes thought to underlie that behaviour. There are two possible directions of study. One may use language as a means of elucidating psychological theories and processes. And for this the term psychological linguistics is sometimes used. Alternatively, one may investigate the effects of psychological constraints on the use of language. It is the latter which has provided the main focus of interest in linguistics, where the subject is basically seen as the study of the mental processes underlying the planning, production, perception and comprehension of speech, and investigations typically proceed by examining linguistic performance through small-scale experimental tasks. The subject now includes a large number of research domains, notably child language acquisition.

语言学的一个分支，研究语言行为和假设为这种行为基础的心理过程之间的联系。可以有两种研究方向，一种是借助语言来阐述心理理论和心理过程，这种研究有时称之为心理学的语言学。另一种方向是研究心理制约对语言使用的影响。后者是语言学集中关心的问题，因为语言学认为这个分支主要是研究基于言语计划、产生、知觉、和理解的心现过程。心理语言学发展最充分的分支是儿童语言习得研究。