Root-and-pattern

根与式

A term applied to the morphology of certain languages, referring to the way in which a stable consonantal sequence appears in several related words of varying segmental shape. The notion has attracted particular attention in non-linear phonology, because it is a motivation for the skeletal tier of representation. In this context, the phenomenon is handled by the mapping of consonantal roots to skeletal templates, each template defining the basic shape for a particular morphological category.

用来描写某些语言的形态学术语，指一个稳定的辅音序列出现在几个音段形状不同的相关词内。这个概念已引起非线性音系学的特别关注，因为它是采用骨架层表征的动因。在这种音系学中，这一现象被描写为辅音根映射到各骨架模板，每个模板界定一个特定形态范畴的基本形状。