Scale-and-category Grammar

阶与范畴语法

A linguistic theory devised by the British linguist M. A. K. Halliday in the early 1960s in which the structure of language is seen as an intersecting set of scales and categories operating at different levels. Linguistic analysis in this view proceeds by establishing four theoretical ‘categories’ - units, structures, classes and systems - and interrelating these by the ‘scale’ of rank, exponence and delicacy. (This use of ‘scale’ should not be confused with that found in phonology, in relation to strength values.) In the late 1960s, parts of this approach were superseded by a systemic model of analysis.

英国语言学家M. A. K.韩礼德在本世纪60年代初创立的一种语言学理论。这一理论将语言结构视为在不同平面上起作用的互相交叉的一组阶和一组范畴。按这种观点，语言分析从建立四个理论“范畴”—单位、结构、类、系统—开始，然而将其与三个“阶”—级、释示、精度—联系起来。（这种涵义的“阶”应与音系学谈论的与强度有关的“阶”相区别。）到60年代后期，这一类理论的相当部分为一个分析的系统模型所取代。