Situation Semantics

情景语义学

An approach to the semantic analysis of languages developed during the 1980s as an alternative to possible-words-based model-theoretic semantics. It assumes a richer ontology than model-theoretic semantics, in that it treats properties, relations, etc. as primitive objects, rather than modelling them formally in terms of possible words. Sentences are analysed as denoting not truth values but situations (sets of facts which consist of a location, a relation and a truth value). The approach has also placed heavy emphasis on the ways in which the interpretation of sentences depends on the context.

指本世纪80年代发展起来的一种对语言作语义分析的理论，它取代基于可能世界的模型论式语义学。这种理论主张一种比模型论式语义学内容更丰富的本体论，将性质、关系、情景等都视作实在事物。句子被分析为不表示真值而是表示情景（由一个处所、一种关系、一个真值构成的一组事实）。与模型论式语义学相比，情景语义学也更关心句子的理解如何依赖于语境。