Value

（1）（valeur）价值

（2）值

(1) A term introduced into linguistics by Ferdinand de Saussure to refer to the functional identity of an entity when seen in the context of a rule-governed system. In his view, language is a system of independent terms, in which the ‘value’ (valeur) of each term results solely from the simultaneous presence of the others, related through the notions of syntagmatic and paradigmatic association. The notion plays a central role in the later development of structural linguistics.

(2) The term is also used in grammatical theory as part of a feature specification, along with feature name. For example, in the specifications [V, -] and [BAR 2], the ‘-’ and the ‘2’ are the feature values of the features V and BAR respectively. Multi-valued features are often referred to as ‘n-ary’ features.

（1）菲迪南德·德·索绪尔引入语言学的术语，指一个实体置于一个规则支配系统中考察时具有的功能特性。按索绪尔的观点，语言是一些独立语项组成的一个系统，其中每个语项的“价值”只取决于其他语项的同时存在，它们通过组合关系和聚合关系互相联系。这两个关系概念对后来结构语言学的发展起重要作用。

（2）语法理论用于特征的指定，跟特征名一起使用。例如在特征指定式[V，-]和[杠，2]中，“-”和“2”分别是特征V和“杠”的特征值。多值特征常称作“n值”特征。