Tag

尾句

标注

(1) A term used in grammatical description to refer to a question structure (a tag question) usually consisting of an auxiliary verb plus pronoun, attached to the end of a statement in order to convey a negative or positive orientation. It may be invariable, as in French n’est-ce pas, German nicht wahr, or variable, as in English. In all cases, the intonation in which the tag is uttered determines its function – the contrast between ‘asking’ and ‘telling’. In English, in addition to this, the polarity of the tag is usually the reverse of that found in the main clause: a positive clause takes a negative tag, and vice versa. Sometimes, two positive clauses are found, and, very rarely, two negatives. Some grammars also recognize tag statements (e.g. That was a lovely drink, that was.).

(2) A grammatical label attached to a word in a computer corpus to indicate its class, in a procedure known as tagging. Tags may be added manually or automatically (the latter at present with varying degrees of success).

（1）语法描写用来指一类疑问结构，即疑问尾句（tag question），一般有一个助动词加一个代名词组成，附接在一个陈叙的结尾，用来传递一种否定或肯定意向。疑问尾句可以是固定不变的，如法语n’est-ce pas “是不是”和德语nicht wahr “是不是”，也可以是可变的，如英语。所有的疑问尾句，说出时的语调决定其功能，即“提问”和“告诉”的对立。英语中除了语调，尾句的极性对立通常与主要小句的相反：肯定小句带否定尾句，否定小句带肯定尾句。有时也见到前后两个小句都是肯定式，偶尔见到两个都用否定式的。有的语法还承认一种陈叙尾句，例如That was a lovely drink, that was.“那杯酒真不错，是的。”

（2）计算机语料中附加在词上的语法标签，指明词所属的类。这种做法叫加标注。标注可以人工加也可以机器自动加。