Unbounded Dependency

无界依存

A term used in some theories of grammar (such as generalized phrase-structure grammar) to refer to a construction in which a syntactic relation holds between two constituents such that there is no restriction on the structural distance between them (e.g. a restriction which would require that both be constituents of the same clause). In English, cleft sentences, topicalization, _WH-questions and relative clauses have been proposed as examples of constructions which involve this kind of dependency; for instance, a wh-constituent may occur at the beginning of a main clause, while the construction with which it is connected may be one, two or more clauses away. In government-binding theory, unbounded dependencies are analysed in terms of movement. In GPSG, use is made of the feature slash.

最近一些语法理论（如概化短语结构语法）用来指一类构式，其中两个组构成分之间持有某种句法关系而又不受这两个成分结构距离的限制（例如不受两个成分都须属同一小句的限制）。英语中有人认为分裂句、话题化句、WH-问句和关系小句都是有这类依存关系的构式的例子；例如，一个话题或话题化成分可出现在主要小句的开头，而与其发生联系的构式可能隔开一个、两个或多个小句。在管辖与约束理论中，无界依存关系用移位来分析。在GPSG中，采用的是斜杠这一特征。