Superordinate

主导语

A term sometimes used in grammatical description to refer to a linguistic unit higher up a hierarchy than another (subordinate) unit. For example, in John saw where Mary lived, John saw (or, John saw X) is the superordinate clause while where Mary lived is the subordinate clause. The term is also used in other areas of linguistics to refer to higher-order units, such as the more inclusive lexical item in hyponymy (flower is the superordinate label for tulip, daffodil, etc.).

语法描写有时用来指一个层级中高于另一个单位（从属语）的语言单位。例如，John saw where Mary lived“约翰看到玛丽住在哪里”中，John saw“约翰看到”（或John saw X）是主导小句，而where Mary lived“玛丽住在哪里”是从属小句。这一术语还用于语言学的其他方面，指较高层次的单位，例如指上下义关系中涵义较广的那个词项（flower“花”是tulip“郁金香”、daffodil“黄水仙”等词的主导词）。