Tactic (s) / Taxis

组配法，组配学

A general term used in phonetics and linguistics to refer to the systematic arrangements of units in the linear sequence at any linguistic level. The commonest terms based on this notion are: phonotactics, dealing with the sequential arrangements of sounds; morphotactics with morphemes; and syntactics with higher grammatical units than the morpheme. Some linguistic theories give this dimension of analysis particular importance (e.g. stratificational grammar, where several levels of tactic organization are recognized, corresponding to the strata set up by the theory, viz. ‘hypophonotactics’, ‘phonotactics’, ‘morphotactics’, ‘lexotactics’, ‘semotactics’ and ‘hypersemotactics’).

语音学和语言学的一般术语，指任何一个语言平面上线性序列各单位的系统配列。基于这一概念的最常用的术语有：语音组配法，处理语音的顺序配列；形态组配法，处理语素的顺序配列；句法组配法，处理大于语素的语法单位的顺序配列。有的语言学理论赋予这方面的分析以特别重要的地位，例如层次语法分出几个不同的组配层面，对应于这种理论建立的各个层次，即“超音位组配”、“音位组配”、“语素组配”、“词位组配”、“义位组配”、“超义位组配”。