Shallow

浅层[结构]

A term used in the revised extended standard theory of generative grammar, to refer to a level of representation distinct from (syntactic) surface structure. Shallow structure differs from surface structure principally in the way it is followed within the grammar by certain types of formal operation other than phonological rules-filters, deletion and stylistic rules. The term has also been used in the work of some generative grammarians to refer to the output of cyclic transformation, whereas in rest it refers to the output of post-cyclic transformations. In government-binding theory, shallow structure is known as S-structure.

生成语法的修正的扩展标准理论使用的术语，指一个区别于句法表层结构的表征层面。浅层结构与表层结构的区别主要在于它在语法中后继的形式操作不是音系规则而是其他某些类型—过滤、删除和风格等规则。有的生成语法学家在其论著中也用这一术语指循环转换的输出，而在修正的扩展标准理论中则指后循环转换的输出。在管辖与约束理论中，浅层结构称作S-结构。