Synonymy

同义

A term used in semantics to refer to a major type of sense relation between lexical items: lexical items which have the same meanings are synonyms. For two items to be synonyms, it does not mean that they should be identical in meaning, i.e. interchangeable in all contexts, and with identical connotations - this unlikely possibility is sometimes referred to as total synonymy. Synonymy can be said to occur if items are close enough in their meaning to allow a choice to be made between them in some contexts, without there being any difference for the meaning of the sentence as a whole. Synonymy is distinguished from such other sense relations are antonymy, hyponymy and incompatibility. 

语义学用来指词项之间一类主要的涵义关系：具有相同意义的词项是同义词，它们之间的关系是同义关系。说两个词项为同义词并不是说两者的意义完全相同，即可在所有语境中互换，内涵也完全相同——这种不大可能的情形有时称作“完全同义”。两个词项只要意义足够接近，可在某些语境里自由选用而不致使整个句子的意义产生差别，就可称作有同义关系。与同义关系对立的涵义关系有反义关系、上下义关系和不相容关系。