少量多餐学英语
——学步集(十五)
文/文冤阁大学士
第四章开始!
Chapter 4 Institutions (1)
1. his fierce criticism of contemporary child-rearing
他对当代育儿方法的猛烈批评
注意:
说“养育孩子”,可用rear、raise和bring up,有啥细微差别呢?
2. In 1913, his father [. . .] had Otto committed to a psychiatric clinic, on the grounds that his belief in free love proved his insanity.
1913年,奥托的父亲把奥托送进了精神病诊疗所,理由是奥托主张自由恋爱,足见是真疯。
注意:
① his如果译作“他的”,在整句译文里指代关系不明的话,干脆多写“奥托的”。愚见是英语的代词用得比汉语频繁,何况his与her读音、写法都不同,而“他的”“她的”(还有“它的”)汉语读起来一样,容易混淆。
② on the grounds that与because的区别。
3. Kafka took a close interest in education.
卡夫卡对教育兴趣很浓。
注意:
interest表示“兴趣”,到底可数不可数?
4. emphasize and elucidate the view that parents were the last people to be entrusted with bringing up their children
强调并阐释这一观点,即绝不该让父母抚养亲生子女
注意:
① elucidate、expound与explain的区别。
② last的用法。
③ entrust后接with。
5. project their view onto the child
自认为孩子与自己看法一致
注意:
即便要把project译作“投射”,也要明白这比喻义的“投射”到底是什么意思。project作动词与作名词时,读音不同。
6. have some rudiments of docility
略显温驯
注意:
① rudiment此处不可用单数。
② docility与其形容词docile的读音。
7. The law of his trial takes to a caricatural extreme the tendency of the Austrian legal system to concentrate on the criminal rather than the crime.
审讯他所用的法律,将奥地利法律体系的这一倾向推向了滑稽的极致:审判的重点是罪犯而非罪行。
注意:
① caricatural与caricature的读音。
② take的宾语是the tendency[...]system。
③ the tendency[...]system的内容是to concentrate[...]crime,因其太长,故将to a caricatural extreme提前。
8. address the staff from on high
居高临下向雇员们训话
注意:
from on high是词组,有戏谑色彩。
9. Georg Bendemann is at ease with numbers.
格奥尔格·本德芒对数字驾轻就熟。
注意:
be at ease with sb.与be at ease with sth.的区别。
10. several Kafka protagonists
好几位卡夫卡笔下的主人公
注意:
① Kafka作名词定语。
② 由protagonist想到antagonist。
11. distil an ideal type of the modern professional man
终于呈现出现代职场人士的一种典范
注意:
① distil的比喻义。美语作distill。
② an ideal type与the ideal type的差别。
12. the supreme example of a professional man committed to order
循规蹈矩派职场人士的表率
注意:
order不可数,不带冠词,类似的还有law and order与public or-order。
13. adjure the believer to work hard in his calling
命信徒黾勉劳作
注意:
① adjure的读音与文体。
② calling的文体。
14. this innerworldly asceticism
这种“大隐隐于市”
注意:
我的译法如何?
15. helpless with delight
欣喜欲狂
注意:
helpless这里的语义。
16. repent for the edification of the spectators
忏悔以儆观者
注意:
for one’s edification是习语,请尝试用其造句;动词是edify。
17. enjoy the superstitious respect formerly reserved for royalty
为人奉若神明,俨然昔日帝家
注意:
我的译法如何?
18. corruption and nepotism
贪污腐败和任人唯亲
注意:
还是翻译,作“腐败与裙带关系”效果又会如何?